Is a web page different from a landing page?

Yes. A web page is any page on a website, including homepages, about pages, blog posts, product pages, or service pages, designed to serve general browsing where visitors might be there for any number of reasons.

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A landing page is built for one specific action: book a demo, request a quote, download a guide, sign up for a trial. The structural differences follow from that purpose. Landing pages typically remove the navigation menu so visitors don't wander off, lead with one primary call to action above the fold, and message-match the headline to the specific ad or campaign that drove the visitor to the page. Web pages are built to give visitors choices; landing pages are built to remove them.